Drill.



PATENTED JULY 31,1906;

S. A. CA

SPARIS. .DR'ILL, I

I l r w A TTORNEYIS No- 827,211 k I QPATEN'TBD M231. 1906.

- 's. A. GASPARIS.

DRILL. APPLIOATION FILED 1412s, 1900.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

W1 TNESSES:

A TTORNE VS NITED; STATES SILVIO A. OASPARIS,

or coLuM-Bus, 01110.-

DRILL;

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed March as, 1906., Serial meosaeo.

To all whom it may concern; Be it known that I, SILVIQ A. OAsi Anis, a citizen of the United States, residing at C0- lumbus, in the county of Franklin and State ofOhio, have invented a new and useful tDrill', of which the following is a specifica ion.

This invention relates to percussion-drills such as utilize elastic fluids and which are ordinarily employed for drilling rock-and for similar purposes. In devicesof this charac' ter heretofore constructed it hasbeen cus tomary to use in connection with the usual rifle-bar an arrangement of pawls, springs," and ratchets for the purpose of, roducing a partial or complete rotation of t e drill sub', sequent to the stroke and during its return movement, said drill only rotating during its return stroke. The mechanism utilized fori producing this result adds considerably toj' the cost of the tool and by reason of the-num-l ber of parts utilized in its construction'very often gets out of order.

The object of this invention is to dispense with mechanism of this character for pro ducing the desired result and instead to util-l ize the elastic fluid for the purpose of causing t'he rotation of the drill during its return stroke and to permit it to move forward with: out this rotating. movement. a

' With these and other objects in view the invention consists of a casing or body of any ordinary or preferred construction in which a bit-carrying piston is mounted to reciprocate.

A chest is mounted on the body for the purpose of directing elastic fluid against the ends of the piston and for exhausting it from the body, so as to produce the necessary movement of the piston. A rifle-bar such as ordinarily employed is also utilized,and the head of this bar bears upon a rotatable washer, which in turn contacts with a shoulder within the body. A holding-piston is inter osed between the back head of the casing an the head of the rifleebar, and a port extending from the steam-chest opens between the back head and the piston, so that the elastic fluid will exert a constant uninter- Wed ressure upon the holdin -piston. 'le 1; e bit-carryin eing regmpiston is tracted or returned wit the body, the elas tic fluid will be exhausted from between-said piston and the Washer and the pressure .of'the elastic fluid :betweenthe -ho lding-'piston and the return movementof the 'bit-carrying-pis ton will result in its rotation. When, howwasher and the, bit-car 1yingpiston for the purpose of propelling the bit forward, the

the headof the rifle-bar will beequalized-and the binding action of the washer upon the shoulder willbe removed, and the rifleeb-ar will therefore be capable of rotating while the bit is oing forward. As a result ofthissaid bit wiflnot rotate upon its forward stroke.

Theinvention also consi'stsof certain other novel features of construction and combinations of parts, which will be hereinafter more fully described,-and pointed out in the-claims. In the accompanyingdrawings shown the preferred form of the invention. I p

In said drawings, Figure 1 is a section the parts prior to the forward stroke of ;.the .toolcarry1ng=piston. Fig. 2 is a similar View showing the parts subsequent to the forward stroke- Fig. 3 is a detail view of the washer of the holding means. Fig. 4 is a similar'v-iew piston. I

It is -to be understood that the mechanlsm constituting this invention is adapted for use drill .in which pawls and ratchets are now utilized, the same bel-n designed as a substitute for said pawl a'n' -ratchet"mechanisr n.

cooperating with the parts constituting this invention. i

In the drawings, 1 is the cylinder or body of the drill, the same ha'vinga steam-chest 2 thereon, from which elastic fluid is directed into opposite portionsof the cylinder "through ports 3 and 4. A bit-carrying piston 15 "is mounted to reciprocate within the cylinder 1 and has a bore-6, int'owhich rejects a riflebar 7 such as ordinarily used said riflebar the back head will be suflicient 'to lioldthe rifle-bar and its head against rotation, so that i ever, elastic fluid is discharged between {the pressure of the fluid upon opposite faces :of

of a portion 'of, the rifle-bar andof its head, i and Fig. 5 is a detail view of the holdingthrough the device, showing the 'position'sof in connection -with any type of percussion- I 'For this reason it isno't deemed necessary to a enter into a detailed description of any of the parts of the tool other than those directly or havinga head 8, which bears against awasher 9, contacting with an interior annular shoulder 10, formed in the cylinder 1 between the port 4 and the back head 11 of the tool. A holding-piston 12, in the form of a disk which is loosely mounted on the head 8, is disposed within the cylinder between said head and the back head 11, and a port 13 extends from the chest 2 and opens between said piston 12 and the back head 11. g The space between the head 11 and piston 12 is constantly in communication with the steam-chest 2 through the port 13, and therefore the piston 12 is pressed against the head 8, which in turn binds the washer 9 upon the shoulder 10.

' When the piston 5 is returning toward the back head 11', the elastic fluid is exhausted through the port 4, and as the rifle-bar and its head 8 are held against rotation by reason of the pressure exerted by the fluid against the piston 12 it is of course obvious that pisrton 5will be rotated during its return movement.. When, however, the limit of the return movement is reached and elastic fluid is directed through the port 4 and in rear of piston 5 the pressure upon the opposite faces of the washer 9, head 8, and piston 12 is equalized, and the rifle-bar is therefore free to rotate during the forward movement of 'iston 5, and as a result said piston and the it carried thereby will not be rotated. This backward and forward operation of the piston can be continued indefinitely, and the employment of this mechanism will always result in the rotation of the piston 5 upon its return stroke and its non-rotation during its forward stroke. By the employment of the elastic'fiuid for efiecting the proper binding A v obvious thatshould the tool be held by some and release of the rifle-bar a considerable saving in the cost of the tool is produced and the same is rendered more durable and effective, because there are no intricate parts which are liable to get out of order as a result of constant use. By utilizing elastic fluid for holding the rifle-bar against rotation it will be obstruction against rotation while moving in its return stroke the holding means will slip,

' and injury to the tool will thus be avoided.

While the device herein described is shown in connection with a percussion-drill, it is-to be understood that the same may be utilized in connection with any device utilizing a rotatable element which it is desired to intermittently stop.

1 What is claimed is 1. A tool comprising a body, a bit-carrying device therein, a rifle-bar, means 1 separate from the rifle-bar and under constant pressure of motive fluid for holding the rifle-bar normallyagainstrotation, and means for intermittently directing motive fluid upon the holding means to equalize the pressure thereon and permit its rotation.

2. A tool of the character described comprising a body, a tool-carrying device movably mounted within the body, a rifle-bar, means separate from the rifle-bar for holding it against rotation, means for constantly directing fluid under pressure against said holding means, and means for intermittently equalizing the pressure upon the holding Lneans to alternatelyhold and release the rifle- 3. A tool of the character described comprising a body, a tool-carrying piston movably mounted therein, a rifle-bar, means for clamping the bar to hold it against rotation, means for constantly directing motive fluid against one face of the holding means and means for intermittently directing motive fluid between the piston and the holding means whereby the pressure on said holding means is equalized during the alternate strokes of the piston.

4. A tool of the character described comprising a body, a tool-carrying piston movably mounted therein, a rifle-bar, clamping means for holding the bar against rotation, said bodyhaving a port for constantly directing fluid against one face of the clamping means and having ports for directing motive fluid against opposite ends of the piston alternately and against the other face of the clamping means intermittently.

5. In a tool of the character described the combination with a body having a tool-carrying piston movably mounted therein; of a rifle-bar having a head, an interior projection in the body and overlapped by the head, a holding-piston bearing upon said head, means for constantly directing motive fluid under pressure against said holding-piston to clamp the head when pressure upon said head is not equalized and means for directing motive fluid between one end of the tool-carrying piston and the head intermittently to equalize pressure on the head.

6. A tool of the character described comprising a body having an interior shoulder, a tool-carrying piston mounted therein, means for conveying motive fluid to opposite ends of the piston, a rifle-bar having a head disposed beyond the path of the piston, awasher interposed btween said head and the shoulder, a holding-piston movably mounted within the body and contacting with the head, and means for constantly directing motive fluid against said piston.

7. A tool of the character described comprising a body having an interior shoulder, a tool-carrying piston movably mounted within the bod between the shoulder and one end of the ody, said body having ports for directing 'Ino'tive fluid a ainst the ends of the Q In testimony that I claim the foregoing as piston, a Washer loose y bearing upon the my own I have hereto aflixed'my signature IO shoulder, a rifle-bar having a head bearing in the presence of two witnesses:

on the Washer and a piston loosely mounted V ,within the body and bearing upon the head, i SILVIO OAS1?ARIS said body having a port foreonstantly direct- Witnesses:

' ing motive fluid between the holding-piston STEPHEN H. OHILCOTT,

and the adjoininghead of the body. I O. TAYLOR. 

